Page 2 - 810 Trianing Book Extract

Contents

Section 1. Basics of proactive maintenance and vibration testing

1 Proactive maintenance principles.................................................................................................................................. 9

A. The power of vibration testing.................................................................................................................................10

Challenges—why it can be so hard to start a proactive maintenance program..................................................11

Solution: Asset uptime for the rest of us....................................................................................................................11
Trends in industrial maintenance .............................................................................................................................. 11

B. New vibration test tools ............................................................................................................................................. 12

C. How to get the best return on investment from your vibration tester..........................................................13

Criticality analysis.........................................................................................................................................................14
The criticality dilemma: covering your critical assets with limited resources...................................................15

Asset classes—a better asset classiication...............................................................................................................16

The criticality dilemma: how other industries solve this problem ....................................................................... 18
D. Tiered maintenance ....................................................................................................................................................20

How to incorporate a tester into your maintenance program................................................................................21

A complete maintenance and repair worklow ........................................................................................................22

2 Vibration analysis principles ........................................................................................................................................24

A. Waveform analysis basics: terminology................................................................................................................25

B. Vibration analysis principles on rotating machines..........................................................................................27

Other machine components on the shaft...................................................................................................................28
Frequency (spectrum) analysis ...................................................................................................................................29

Overall Vibration (OV) analysis ...................................................................................................................................30

Analyzing spectrum data from rotating machines—3 simple steps......................................................................30
How vibration data is displayed for review of the data..........................................................................................31

C. Analyzing spectrum data from typical rotating machines...............................................................................32

1. Coupled machines .....................................................................................................................................................32
2. Single shaft machines—close coupled...................................................................................................................33

3. Belt driven machine (Gearbox machine is similar) .............................................................................................34

D. The four most common machine faults .................................................................................................................35
1. Imbalance ...................................................................................................................................................................36

2. Misalignment .............................................................................................................................................................37

3. Looseness ...................................................................................................................................................................38
4. Bearing failure...........................................................................................................................................................39

E. Understanding the severity of four common faults ............................................................................................ 41

1. Progression of imbalance: watch severity as it gets worse...............................................................................41
2. Progression of misalignment: watch severity as it gets worse.........................................................................42

3. Progression of looseness: watch severity as it gets worse ................................................................................43

4. Progression of bearing wear: watch severity as it gets worse .........................................................................44

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